The Sulcata Giant Tortoise is the third largest species of tortoise in the world after the Galapagos Tortoise and the Aldabra Giant Tortoise, and the largest species of mainland tortoise (not found on an island).

The adult is usually around 70cm long but can grow up to 90cm and can weigh up to 95kg. It grows from hatchling size (4-7cm) very quickly, reaching 15-25cm within the first few years of its life.

Due to the hot, dry habitat it lives in, the Sulcata is crepuscular, meaning it is mostly active at dawn and dusk. When it gets too hot it coats its skin with mud when available to cool off. When mud wallows are not available, it retreats to its cooler burrows. Burrows may average 30 inches in depth; some dig tunnel systems extending 10 feet or more underground.

Its ability to live in a dry and hostile environment has to some extent saved the Sulcata. Man is still its biggest threat to survival, as habitat alteration and collection for food play a major role in its demise. It is also often used for target practice by some army training camps.